Hypolipidemic and Antioxidant Effects of Fermented Rice Buckwheat on High-fat Caenorhabditis elegans
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摘要: 本文旨在研究发酵米荞的降脂及抗氧化作用。以高糖（10 mmol/L）诱导建立秀丽隐杆线虫高脂肪模型，经发酵米荞干预后，测定其对高脂肪线虫寿命、运动能力、产卵量、活性氧（ROS）水平、抵抗氧化应激能力和抗氧化酶活力的影响；同时，检测了其对高脂肪线虫体内甘油三脂和游离脂肪酸含量的影响。结果表明，经发酵米荞干预的高脂肪线虫的最大寿命极显著增加30.90%（P<0.01），运动能力极显著提升28.57%（P<0.01），产卵量增加（P>0.05）；同时，发酵米荞可以极显著提高高脂肪线虫体内抗氧化酶活性（P<0.01）、降低丙二醛含量及ROS水平（P<0.01），并且极显著提升其抵抗氧化应激能力（P<0.01）。此外，发酵米荞还能极显著降低高脂肪线虫的甘油三酯及游离脂肪酸含量，分别降低了56.58%和130.54%（P<0.01）。综上所述，发酵米荞可通过增强抵抗氧化应激能力、减少脂肪沉积和提高抗氧化酶活性发挥其对高脂肪线虫的降脂作用。Abstract: This research aimed to investigate the hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of fermented rice buckwheat. A high-fat model of Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) was established by high sugar (10 mmol/L) induction. After the treatment of fermented rice buckwheat, its effects on the longevity, motility, egg production, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, resistance to oxidative stress, and antioxidant enzyme activity of high-fat C. elegans were determined. At the same time, its effect on the triglyceride and free fatty acid content in high-fat C. elegans were examined. The results showed that the maximum life span of high-fat C. elegans intervened by fermented rice buckwheat significantly increased by 30.90% (P<0.01), significantly increased motility by 28.57% (P<0.01), and increased egg production (P>0.05). Furthermore, fermented rice buckwheat could significantly increase the antioxidant enzyme activity (P<0.01), reduce malondialdehyde content and ROS levels (P<0.01), and significantly enhance their ability to resist oxidative stress (P<0.01). In addition, fermented rice buckwheat could also significantly reduce the triglyceride and free fatty acid content of high-fat C. elegans, respectively, reduced by 56.58% and 130.54% (P<0.01). In summary, fermented rice buckwheat exhibited a lipid-lowering effect by enhancing resistance to oxidative stress, reducing fat deposition, and improving the antioxidant enzyme activity of high-fat C. elegans.
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Key words:
- fermentation /
- rice buckwheat /
- Caenorhabditis elegans /
- lipid-lowering /
- antioxidant activity
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图 2 发酵米荞对秀丽隐杆线虫运动能力的影响
Figure 2. Effects of fermented rice buckwheat on the locomotion ability of C. elegans
注：线虫可自主游动自如定义为A，仅在挑针触碰线虫的头部或尾部后开始爬行定义为C，若是行动力介于二者之间定义为B。
图 3 发酵米荞对秀丽隐杆线虫产卵量的影响
Figure 3. Effects of fermented rice buckwheat on egg production in C. elegans
注：A：各组线虫每天的产卵量；B：各组线虫总产卵量。
图 4 发酵米荞对秀丽隐杆线虫体内ROS的影响
Figure 4. Effects of fermented rice buckwheat on ROS in C. elegans
图 5 发酵米荞对秀丽隐杆线虫应激能力的影响
Figure 5. Effects of fermented rice buckwheat on the stress capacity of C. elegans
图 6 发酵米荞对秀丽隐杆线虫体内甘油三酯含量的影响
Figure 6. Effects of fermented rice buckwheat on triglycerides in C. elegans
图 7 发酵米荞对秀丽隐杆线虫体内游离脂肪酸含量的影响
Figure 7. Effects of fermented rice buckwheat on free fatty acids in C. elegans
图 8 发酵米荞对秀丽隐杆线虫体内抗氧化酶的影响
Figure 8. Effects of fermented rice buckwheat on antioxidant enzymes in C. elegans in vivo
注：A：SOD；B：CAT；C：GSH-Px；D：MDA。
表 1 发酵米荞对秀丽隐杆线虫平均寿命和最长寿命的影响
Table 1. Effects of fermented rice buckwheat on the average and maximum life of C. elegans
指标 NC MC OST RB FRB 中位生存时间（d） 15.67±4.12 13.10±2.13## 17.08±3.14** 18.17±3.12** 20.33±3.86** 平均寿命（d） 16.93±4.34 13.69±1.38## 17.06±3.21** 18.39±3.08** 20.53±3.28** 最长寿命（d） 25.33±5.15 23.33±2.65## 25.80±5.02** 29.02±4.11** 30.54±5.01** 注：与阴性对照组相比：#，P<0.05有显著性差异；##，P<0.01有极显著差异；与模型组相比：*，P<0.05有显著性差异；**，P<0.01有极显著差异；图3、图6~图8同。 
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